Masonry veneer is an independent, decorative wall raised in front of a structure. The innermost element is usually a structural wall that may consist of masonry block reinforced with rebar and filled with concrete. Masonry veneerwalls consist of a single non-structural external layer of masonry work, typically brick or stone that is backed by an air space. Veneer is made decorative by the unique combinations of materials, patterns and bonds. Fancy patterns such as random stone or a herringbone brick pattern may be employed or a style such as Tuscan can hint at a regional architectural style.
Cladding is generally thin brick or stone, natural or simulated, applied to a structure. Cladding can also be full thickness large stone applied to a structure with built-in supports. Stone cladding is a thin layer of real or simulated stone applied to a building or other structure made of a material other than stone. Stone cladding is sometimes applied to concrete and steel buildings as part of their original architectural design. Stone cladding often refers to lightweight simulated stone products with a concrete-type base. Alternatively, stone cladding can be a natural stone that has been quarried and then cut into thin pieces to reduce weight. Being heavier, natural stone cladding often needs mechanical fixing to be adhered to substrates. Mechanical fixing can include the use of shelf angles, or perhaps a product called stone clip.
Dimension stone is natural stone that has been trimmed, cut, and drilled to a specific size or shape. Often, dimensional stone are large, thick stones used as cladding (veneer) on walls or on the façade of buildings. Custom dimensional stone is sometimes ordered from the quarry for projects that are monumental in size. A variety of rocks are used as structural and decorative dimension stone. Rocks commonly used for dimension stone are Granite, Limestone, Marble, Travertine, and Sandstone.